1 10 132 https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/ee1673dd95d79f81426e4a9e3967d6db.pdf dec5b442ab9980bbb01f08cde4647192 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ENG Black Comics Zines Subject The topic of the resource Comics Description An account of the resource A group of zines created in ENG 342 Readings in Popular Lit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MSU Students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available MSU Department of English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource ENG 342 Readings in Pop Lit Students Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Black Femininity in Comics Subject The topic of the resource Comics Strips Description An account of the resource How black women are portrayed in action comics Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Adelyn Pyatte Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Arts Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Self-Published Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 13, 2019 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Common Share alike with Attribution Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource periodical https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/1ddcdd752f3998653b469b45fb30b1c0.pdf 3f19b1786d7b69516a1318a537f74fcd https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/dea39b9250b93099c351e430ef6a4cad.pdf 3f19b1786d7b69516a1318a537f74fcd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ENG Black Comics Zines Subject The topic of the resource Comics Description An account of the resource A group of zines created in ENG 342 Readings in Popular Lit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MSU Students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available MSU Department of English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource ENG 342 Readings in Pop Lit Students Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Friday Foster: Women & Comics Subject The topic of the resource Comic Strip Zine Graphic Novel Description An account of the resource This is a zine about female comic characters. The main character in this zine is Friday Foster. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alex DeRose Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collections Comic Art Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Self-Published Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11/11/19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Common Share alike with Attribution Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 8 1/2 by 11- paper Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context OMIT black superheroes comic ENG 342 https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/3216e644eac2b68999f3c3a4f5fd5bda.pdf 0972876b8a3fc3337f79804d8f18f147 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ENG Black Comics Zines Subject The topic of the resource Comics Description An account of the resource A group of zines created in ENG 342 Readings in Popular Lit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MSU Students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available MSU Department of English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource ENG 342 Readings in Pop Lit Students Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Warrior Women Of Color: Powerful Yet Exploited Subject The topic of the resource Superhero Comic Strip Description An account of the resource A zine describing the difference in presentation of warrior women of color and white warrior women in comics. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alexa Holl Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, The Blacker the Ink : Constructions of Black Identity in Comics and Sequential Art Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Self-Published Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11/13/2019 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Common Share alike with Attribution Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Power Point PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context OMIT https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/dcf0e771b2ae4f4f016453104896b444.tif ad3491815634ccd3cfc6f2d343b5a3f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Subject The topic of the resource Comics Periodical Description An account of the resource A digital project from Fall 2018 ENG 492H course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Students from ENG 492H Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Library Special Collections Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Julian C. Chambliss Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Some rights apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Files Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital files Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Students from ENG 492H Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Issue #6 Page 29 Subject The topic of the resource Periodical Comics Strips Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Article Writer: Michael Catron Creative Team: Executive Editor: Michael Catron Art Director: Peppy White Contributing Writer: George Guay Contributing Artists: Bill Anderson, Rudi Franke, Doug Hazelwood, Mark Heike, Gary Kwapisz, Mark Lamport, Kevin Nowlan, Mike O'Neal Cover Art: Bill Sienkiewicz Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, PN6725.A47 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Zam, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-11 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Holly Simon Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights Restriction Apply Relation A related resource <a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/37">Amazing Heroes Issue #6 Cover Page</a><br /><a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/81">Amazing Heroes Issue #6 Table of Contents</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 10 1/4 x 6 1/8 in. Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context OMIT Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Description An account of the resource This black-and-white page and subsequent article was the inspiration behind the cover, which features Moon Knight. At the top of the page, centered and occupying about a quarter of the page’s space, is the title: “A New Phase for Moon Knight”. The only portion of the text that is bolded is the character’s name, Moon Knight. Below this, on a single line, reads “By Michael Catron”, a well-known contributor to Amazing Heroes. Underneath this, on the left side of the page, are four penciled images, all done by Bill Sienkiewicz for the eighteenth issue of Moon Knight. The first image is the largest, with a man yelling “No”, his head and chest thrust back in a scream, facing a sign that reads “COME TO THE CITADEL AT MIDNITE”. To the right of this are three images; the top is an image of the same man reaching forward, the center is the hand touching the letters, and the bottom image is the man putting his fingers to his mouth, tasting the substance used to write the message. To the right of these four hand-drawn images is five paragraphs, just a handful of the sections that make up the article. These five paragraphs introduce and contextualize the character and its changing style, along with featuring quotes from the penciler, Bill Sienkiewicz. The character of Moon Knight is not, in fact, a traditional hero; he has three secret identities, and he was, in fact, originally intended to be both a villain and a “psycho” – in other words, an anti-hero. While it came off as a little too self-indulgent and heavy and was subsequently made to be more adventure-based, it still retained the idea that, as series scripter and creator Doug Moench explained, anyone who chooses to become a superhero must be a little “nuts”. He is joined by other famous comic book anti-heroes, like the X-Men’s Wolverine, the Watchmen’s Rorshach, Ghost Rider, Judge Dredd, and Deadpool, many of which were popularized during the Bronze Age of comics (about 1970-1985). Many of these anti-heroes displayed the three traits found in the ”Dark Triad of personality” – narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. These traits are not necessarily used to vilify anti-heroes; instead, they provide insight into why people often utilize these traits for survival, and how art imitates life – or, in this case, how the nuance behind one’s actions can strongly affect others’ perceptions of their behavior. This turning of the tides toward more realistic portrayals of superheroes was informed in part by political events and social issues of the 1970s and 1980s, like racism, women’s rights, and the presidency of Ronald Reagan. In particular, the rise of the comic book anti-hero can be attributed to the United States’s involvement in Vietnam in the late 1960s/early 1970s. The war was highly contested from its conception, and many of the crimes committed during it led to disdain for soldiers and veterans. As a result, the American public shied away from these traditional heroes, instead prioritizing flawed, complex characters with unique backgrounds – anti-heroes. This desire for flawed heroes perfectly paved the way for less traditional heroes, often tormented or suffering mental health issues, like Moon Knight. anti heroes anti-hero anti-heroes Bronze Age of Comics Dark Triad of personality Moon Knight Star Wars Vietnam War https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/265b970c4485b84461607f5e63a65de9.tif 91e59565bb7aa6d502df7d3662045848 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Subject The topic of the resource Comics Periodical Description An account of the resource A digital project from Fall 2018 ENG 492H course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Students from ENG 492H Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Library Special Collections Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Julian C. Chambliss Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Some rights apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Files Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital files Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Students from ENG 492H Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Comic Book Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 8 inches by 11 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Table of Contents Subject The topic of the resource Periodical Comics Strips Description An account of the resource Released in May of 1982, the eleventh issue of Amazing Heroes places a special focus on horror in comics, seen visually in three of the four representative panels on the table of contents. The lead feature, “The Force is With Us!,” takes an inside look at “The Night Force” - Gene Colan and Marv Wolfman’s psychedelic horror comic. Depicted alongside the feature is “The Night Force’s” main character Baron Winters, a nasty, acerbic, and unlikeable sorcerer. Following the lead feature is “Swamp Thing History,” an eight-page article covering “the greatest muck monster of them all” and, accompanying the article, is a panel of a Swamp Thing attacking numerous other characters. Rounding out the main horror pieces of the issue is “Days of Fear at Warren,” where the writers of Amazing Heroes discuss “Warren’s early days - back when Uncle Creepy was great!” The “Warren” this feature is referring to is Warren Publishing, a leader in publishing horror stories during the comic crackdown of the mid-twentieth century. Warren Publishing was founded in 1957 by James Warren. For its initial seven years, Warren’s biggest success was Monster World, a magazine that published, among other things, “Monster Comics.” In 1964, however, Warren expanded to horror. Approached by Russ Jones with the idea of publishing horror stories, Warren thus created “Creepy.” During this period, however, horror comics were essentially impossible to sell because of the Comics Code Authority (CCA). What started as an alternative to government censorship, the CCA was a self-regulating company that specialized in deeming comics to be either be denied or approved for official publication (which, if approved, could be seen via a stamp in the top right corner of comic covers). Out of hope to save the comic industry, the CCA banned any and all controversial topics at the time, including everything horror related. In short, “Creepy,” should have been impossible to publish, but it was published nonetheless. The key? “Creepy” self-categorized as a magazine instead of a comic. As James Warren himself explained: “The Comics Code saved the industry from turmoil, but at the same time, it had a cleansing kind of effect on comics, making them clean, proper and family-oriented... We would overcome this by saying to the Code Authority, the industry, the printers, and the distributors: ‘We are not a comic book; we are a magazine. “Creepy” is magazine-sized and will be sold on magazine racks, not comic book racks’.” By publishing these graphic horror stories in a magazine format to which the Code did not apply, Warren Publishing paved the way for numerous other graphic-story magazines. In the end, Warren halted publishing in 1981. One year later, Amazing Heroes dedicated an entire issue to its style of stories, even including the twenty-page feature reminiscing about Warren’s early pioneer days. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Artist: Gene Colan and John Workman Editor: Kim Thompson Art Director: Peppy White Assistant Editor: J. Collier Consulting Editor: Dwight R. Decker Advertising: J. Michael Catron Contributing Writers: Dwight R. Decker, Jim Korkis, Rich Morrissey, Gene Reed, David Singer Contributing Artists: Paul Abrams, Bill Anderson, Willie Blyberg, George Bryant, Sam De La Rosa, 'Bert, Hernandez, Matt Horwitz, G. Kracken, Gary Kwapisz, Kevin Nowlan, Bud Perkins Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, PN6725.A47 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Redbeard, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 05-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Matthew Marshall Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights Restrictions Apply Relation A related resource <a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/31">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Cover</a><br /><br /><a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/44">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Representative Page</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 8 inches by 11 inches, B&W Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical, TIFF File Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1982-1991 Amazing Heroes comics comics code Creepy horror Swamp Thing The Night Force Warren https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/07d6fd83b34478c5f99f5c610f248381.tif 1b03bac4b365644aedfee7ee9e2764ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Subject The topic of the resource Comics Periodical Description An account of the resource A digital project from Fall 2018 ENG 492H course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Students from ENG 492H Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Library Special Collections Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Julian C. Chambliss Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Some rights apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Files Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital files Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Students from ENG 492H Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Comic Book Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 8 inches by 11 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Representative Page Subject The topic of the resource Periodical Comics Strips Description An account of the resource Kevin McConnell sheds his light on four distinct comic books in the eleventh issue of Amazing Heroes through his recurring piece: “Comics in Review.” In this segment, McConnell covers Jack Kerby and Kirby-Mike Thibodeaux’s “Captain Victory #5,” stating there is “no reason for [its] rigid conventionality.” McConnell then covers “Charlton Bullseye #9,” “a piquant amalgam of fan efforts.” The last review is of Gil Kane’s “Savage,” where McConnell warns readers who found Daredevil too “rough-and-tough” to stay away from Kane’s latest comic. Most notably, however, is McConnell’s initial review in the article - that of Steve Gerber’s “Destroyer Duck #1,” as the review discusses Gerber’s legal situation at the time and lays the foundation for the ongoing intellectual-property battle between comic book creators and companies who employed them. In 1973, Steve Gerber created Howard the Duck — a widely-popular, anthropomorphic duck that had an initial thirty-three series run. However, just because Howard was created by Gerber, Gerber did not own Howard. As he initially created the character, Gerber worked for Marvel Comics, thus leaving the rights to Howard in Marvel’s hands. Having left Marvel and wanting Howard’s rights, Gerber created a new comic, “Destroyer Duck.” During the time Gerber created and published “Destroyer Duck #1,” he was locked in legal battle with Marvel over possession of Howard. As McConnell’s review explains, “Gerber’s message [in “Destroyer Duck #1”] is clear — he wants his duck back… Considering this, perhaps creators’ rights are … going to have to be re-evaluated.” And re-evaluated they were. During the second half of the 1970s, the long-standing publisher-creator contract was about to change thanks to numerous comic book creator’s sharing the same beliefs that Gerber held. Since the industry began, creators were on a work-for-hire basis, meaning all work they contributed during their contract became the property of the publisher when finished. The most famous byproduct of this relationship, of course, is that of Jerry Seigel and Joe Shuster, who sold the rights of “Superman” to Detective Comics for an infinitesimally-small $130. Or, similarly, the creative work of Gerber staying with Marvel after his departure. Creators of the 1970s, however, were changing this one-sided affair. Demanding royalties, creative incentives, and a greater sense of entitlement to their work, this new generation of comic creators were not backing down to publishers — including Gerber and his fight for Howard. A new copyright law went into effect in 1978, clearing up any uncertainty between creators and publishers, and some creators were able to win greater creative concessions in the aftermath. However, the new copyright law was more flash than substance and, with no drastic change, creator-backlash continued, culminating in 1990 with the publication of “A Bill of Rights for Comics Creators;” a twelve-amendment article specifically listing the various rights and dignities of creators everywhere. With amendments like “The right to full ownership of what we fully create,” “The right of approval over the reproduction and format of our creative property,” and “The right to free movement of ourselves and our creative property to and from publishers,” the message was clear. Comic creators still believed the ownership of what they create should rest in their hands, not in the hands of the company they temporarily work for. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Artist: Gene Colan and John Workman Editor: Kim Thompson Art Director: Peppy White Assistant Editor: J. Collier Consulting Editor: Dwight R. Decker Advertising: J. Michael Catron Contributing Writers: Dwight R. Decker, Jim Korkis, Rich Morrissey, Gene Reed, David Singer Contributing Artists: Paul Abrams, Bill Anderson, Willie Blyberg, George Bryant, Sam De La Rosa, 'Bert, Hernandez, Matt Horwitz, G. Kracken, Gary Kwapisz, Kevin Nowlan, Bud Perkins Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, PN6725.A47 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Redbeard, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 05-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Matthew Marshall Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights Restrictions Apply Relation A related resource <a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/36">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Cover</a><br /><br /><a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/38">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Table of Contents</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 8 inches by 11 inches, B&W Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical, TIFF File Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Amazing Heroes Bill of Rights comics comics in review creator's rights Destroyer Duck Howard the Duck Marvel https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/8410d76d026b254fc8ad60f2a1d25d66.tif de86773cc89611a802b9df7e80873bb0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Subject The topic of the resource Comics Periodical Description An account of the resource A digital project from Fall 2018 ENG 492H course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Students from ENG 492H Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Library Special Collections Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Julian C. Chambliss Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Some rights apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Files Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital files Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Students from ENG 492H Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Comic Book Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 8 inches by 11 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Cover Subject The topic of the resource Periodical Comics Strips Description An account of the resource This horror-based, dark-colored comic cover extensively sets the scene for its upcoming pages. With text like “Marv Wolfman Talks About Creating The Night Force!,” “A History of the Swamp Thing!,” and “Star Hawks, Star Wars, News, and Much More!” there is not much content in the actual magazine that the cover leaves behind. But perhaps the two most striking features of the Amazing Heroes #11 cover are the bright, dominant comic art and the large, center-stage text that reads “Special Horror Heroes Issue!” This art and text happen to be deeply intertwined as the cover art displays “The Night Force.” Or, more specifically, Baron Winters and Merlin, two of the main characters that appear in Gene Colan and Marv Wolfman’s psychedelic horror comic. “The Night Force,” which made its debut several months after the release of this issue, follows Baron Winters, a sorcerer who assembles a team of chosen individuals to fight supernatural threats and horrific evils. After a short 14-issue run, however, “The Night Force” was no more. Although, despite its short publication, “The Night Force” stands as a beacon of hope to past horror comics and is extremely useful when looking at the history of the horror comic. Starting in the late 1940’s and early 1950’s, crime and horror comics were both on the rise and on the receiving end of increasing public skepticism for their content and potentially harmful effects on children, even obtaining "accusations from several fronts [that] charged comic books with contributing to the rising rates of juvenile delinquency." All of this backlash ultimately culminated in the early 1950s through the hands of Dr. Fredric Werhtam. With his multiple advocations for legislation to control the comic industry, as well as his release of “Seduction of the Innocent,” Wertham spearheaded the attack on horror and crime comics. In 1954, after Wertham’s numerous publications and attempts to emphasize the harm done by the comic industry, the Senate had a subcommittee investigate the matter. In the end, the comic industry was not blamed for the accusations brought against it. The Senate, however, did recommend the comic industry should voluntarily tone down its content, resulting in the creation of the Comics Code Authority. In fall of 1954, a new, extremely restrictive code from the Comics Magazine Association of America was released. The code effectively prohibited all of the visual elements and subject matters than defined horror comics, as they were not allowed to even have the words “horror” or “terror” on the cover. Seventeen years later, however, the code was relaxed and longstanding rules restricting horror comics were removed, opening the door to more possibilities for the genre and ultimately allowing for something like an Amazing Heroes #11 or “The Night Force” to be published. While it may seem like an everyday comic cover, its bright colors and large, center-stage text successfully call out to horror comics of the past and inherently shed light on the previous, longstanding trials of the horror comic genre. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Artist: Gene Colan and John Workman Editor: Kim Thompson Art Director: Peppy White Assistant Editor: J. Collier Consulting Editor: Dwight R. Decker Advertising: J. Michael Catron Contributing Writers: Dwight R. Decker, Jim Korkis, Rich Morrissey, Gene Reed, David Singer Contributing Artists: Paul Abrams, Bill Anderson, Willie Blyberg, George Bryant, Sam De La Rosa, 'Bert, Hernandez, Matt Horwitz, G. Kracken, Gary Kwapisz, Kevin Nowlan, Bud Perkins Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, PN6725.A47 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Redbeard, Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 05-1982 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Matthew Marshall Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights Restrictions Apply Relation A related resource <a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/38">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Table of Contents</a><br /><br /><a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/44">Amazing Heroes Issue #11 Representative Page</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 8 inches by 11 inches, Color Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical, TIFF File Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Amazing Heroes Comic Book comics code horror The Night Force Wertham https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/34212284d31e44335ff478e5a7f3de13.PNG 7730a4a82103bbb499c1111b07572fda Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Subject The topic of the resource Comics Periodical Description An account of the resource A digital project from Fall 2018 ENG 492H course. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Students from ENG 492H Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Library Special Collections Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Julian C. Chambliss Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Some rights apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital Files Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital files Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Students from ENG 492H Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Amazing Heroes Issue #160 Cover Subject The topic of the resource Periodical Comics Strips Description An account of the resource The cover of Amazing Heroes Issue #160 depicts an image of the French comic book character Valerian standing on a rocky terrain with a red atmosphere and a yellow sun in the background. He is wearing a spacesuit and holding a backpack as he gazes toward the right side of the page. Along the right side of the fanzine, a title states “Special European Issue,” indicating that the issue will include several articles about European comics. There are also a list of some of the items inside the magazine, including “Catalan publisher Bernd Metz on the New Comcat Line,” “Bringing Thorgal to America,” “Dwight Decker on the Hazards of Translating Foreign Comics,” “A Look at European Animation,” and “An Illustrated Guide to All the U.S. Published Eurocomics, from Asterix to Valerian . . . and Beyond!” In the bottom right corner of the page, an announcement for an “Exclusive Interview: Batman Screenwriter Sam Hamm of the Watchmen Movie” is in a box, separating from the articles that go along with the European theme. The character Valerian, created by Pierre Cristin and Jean-Claude Mezieres, is reflective of France’s comic book culture and its differences from the American comic book culture. Valerian tells the story of a boy named Valerian and his friend Laureline, going on adventures throughout space. The comic pulls from the science fiction genre and has been compared to space operas like Star Wars. It has won numerous awards and experiences a wide readership in France, including those with high levels of education. This sets the series apart from comic books in America, which are often viewed as cheap entertainment and are enjoyed by a smaller audience with a focus on fandom. In France, on the other hand, many people read and appreciate comics, with some artists receiving subsidies from the government. The comic industry in France was able to flourish and develop independently from American comics largely due to World War 2, in which both France and Belgium were occupied by Germany. The scarcity of materials like paper and wartime bans prevented the importation of American comics, and when the war ended, the government extended restrictions on American comics, choosing to prioritize nationalism and the preservation of a distinct French culture. Comics are widely appreciated and are seen as the ninth art in France. Thus, the superhero genre is less developed, with more serious comics and graphic novels being distributed. Valerian is not considered a superhero, but his comics are adventure stories, which might explain why that specific French comic is more well known in America than others. It is also significant because its creators continued working on the comic series until its end, with no other head writers or artists. This is very different from the American assembly line model, with contributors coming and going frequently. Cristin’s and Meziere’s Valerian is very representative of the distinct French comic book culture. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Artist: Jean-Claude Mezieres Executive Editor: Kim Thompson Managing Editor: Chris McCubbin Art Director: Lynette Alcorn-McCubbin Editorial Assistance: Rudy Minger News Correspondent: Darren Cranston Production Assistant: Mark Thompson Typesetting: Linda Gorell & Arlene Easter Circulation: Rachel Enger & Carol Kovinick-Hernandez Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived MSU Special Collection Comic Art, PN6725.A47 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Fantagraphics Books Inc. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989-03 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sarah M Geist Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights Restrictions Apply Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 6 5/8 inches by 10 1/4 inches Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1981-1992 Relation A related resource <a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/32">Amazing Heroes Issue #160 Table of Contents</a><br /><a href="http://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/items/show/33">Amazing Heroes Issue #160 Pg. 71</a> Europe foreign France international Laureline ninth art space opera Valerian World War 2 https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/7bdfbbf0f801bc3ea50969f7776b8424.pdf 196af6fec830cac6ebf602c18892b938 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ENG Black Comics Zines Subject The topic of the resource Comics Description An account of the resource A group of zines created in ENG 342 Readings in Popular Lit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MSU Students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available MSU Department of English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource ENG 342 Readings in Pop Lit Students Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Black Genius Subject The topic of the resource Genius Women Superheroes Description An account of the resource This zine looks at the portrayal of the “genius” superhero. I will be analyzing 3 black superhero women and how they are viewed in comics. Moon Girl, Bumblebee, and Ironheart use their advanced knowledge to aid them in being the best superhero they can be. These characters breakdown stereotypes that have occurred over decades. They are symbols of strength and intelligence in society. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ashley Antone Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://marvel.fandom.com/wiki/Lunella_Lafayette_(Earth-616) https://www.marvel.com/characters/moon-girl-lunella-lafayette https://www.newsarama.com/30407-marvel-wants-you-to-know-moon-girl-is-the-smartest-person-in-the-marvel-universe.html https://womenintheworld.com/2016/07/28/the-smartest-marvel-superhero-is-now-a-9-year-old-black-girl-from-new-york/ https://www.colorlines.com/articles/marvels-newest-superhero-black-genius-preteen-moon-girl https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/marvel-battle-who-is-smarter-iron-man-or-moon-girl.html/ https://marvel.fandom.com/wiki/Riri_Williams_(Earth-616) https://time.com/4394478/iron-man-riri-williams-tony-stark/ https://superheroes.fandom.com/wiki/Bumblebee https://comicvine.gamespot.com/bumblebee/4005-3576/ Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Common Share Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11/17/19 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical black comics black superheroes Black Women ENG342 genius superhero https://chambl91.msu.domains/CriticalFanscape/files/original/0a9225dcb9b7216d6446fbb535dcb98a.pdf dcc9706cae09c2b77699db0e0b3336f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ENG Black Comics Zines Subject The topic of the resource Comics Description An account of the resource A group of zines created in ENG 342 Readings in Popular Lit Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource MSU Students Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available MSU Department of English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Fall 2019 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource ENG 342 Readings in Pop Lit Students Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Replacements Subject The topic of the resource Superhero Comic Strip Description An account of the resource An analysis of the effect of African American legacy characters replacing white superheroes. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Autumn Ash Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “A to Z in Marvel Comic Creators.” Marvel. 2019, https://www.marvel.com/comics/creators Bright, Mark (a). “Mosaic, Part Three of Four: Scriptures.” Green Lantern vol. 3 #16 (Sep. 1991), DC Comics: Cover. Brown, Jeffrey A. “Panthers and Vixens: Black Superheroines, Sexuality, and Stereotypes in Contemporary Comic Books.” Black Comics: Politics of Race and Representation, edited by Sheena C. Howard and Ronald L. Jackson, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2013, pp. 123-136. Davis, Blair. “Bare Chests, Silver Tiaras, and Removable Afros: The Visual Design of Black Comic Book Superheroes.” The Blacker the Ink: Constructions of Black Identity in Comics and Sequential Art, edited by Frances Gateward, Rutgers University Press, 2015. Ghee, Kenneth. “’Will the ‘Real’ Black Superheroes Please Stand Up?!’: A Critical Analysis of the Mythological and Cultural Significance of Black Superheroes.” Black Comics: Politics of Race and Representation, edited by Sheena C. Howard and Ronald L. Jackson, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2013, pp. 195-208. Gibbons, Dave (a). “JSA/JSA, Chapter III: High Societies.” JSA #70 (Apr. 2005), DC Comics: Cover. Hall, John H. Jr. “John Hall Talks About His Interest in Science.” The HistoryMakers, uploaded by The HistoryMakers, 14 Apr. 2011, https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/john-h-hall-jr-41 Hunter, Whitney. “Negotiating New Racism: ‘It’s not Racist or Sexist. It’s Just the Way It Is’.” Media, Culture & Society, vol. 4, no. 1, 2018, pp. 86-103, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/ 0163443718798907. Accessed 5 Nov. 2019. Lee, Jim (a). “From the City That Has Everything.” Action Comics #1000 (Jun. 2018), DC Comics: Cover. McDonnell, Luke (p), and Steve Mitchell (i). “And Who Shall Clothe Himself in Iron?” Iron Man #170 (May 1983), Marvel: Cover. MSU Special Collection Comic Art “No, Being Colorblind Does Not Help Racism.” OnlyBlackGirl. 4 Apr. 2017, https://www.onlyblackgirl.com/blog/2017/4/3/no-being-colorblind-does-not-help-racism. Reis, Ivan (a). “Blackest Night, Part 2.” Blackest Night #2 (Oct. 2009), DC Comics: Cover. Romita, John Jr. (p), and Bob Layton (i). “The Hammer Strikes.” Iron Man #126 (Sep. 1979), Marvel: Cover. Ross, Alex (a). “In Search Of…” JSA #76 (Oct. 2005), DC Comics: Cover. Simplelife17. “Halloween Costume Boys Kids Superhero.” eBay. 2019, https://www.ebay.com/itm/Halloween-Costume-Boys-Kids-Superhero-Spiderman-Thor-Cosplay-Fancy-Dress-Outfits-/123896961856 Steelhammer, Rick. “John Henry Museum Takes Shape in Town Where Steel Driving Man is More Fact Than Folklore.” Charleston Gazette-Mail. 1 May 2014, https://www.wvgazettemail.com/news/john-henry-museum-takes-shape-in-town-where-steel-driving/article_cf6b4e28-b733-57c1-95e6-219e2d17fc10.html Van Sciver, Ethan (a). “The Origin of Mr. Terrific.” 52 #39 (Jan. 2007), DC Comics. Wight, Eric (a). “Secrets of Iron and Fire.” Captain America: 65th Anniversary Special #1 (May 2006), Marvel: Cover. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Self-Published Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 12, 2019 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Common Share alike with Attribution Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 8.5 x 11, PDF of 12 Slide PowerPoint Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Periodical Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context OMIT